PSD files, since these use much more memory to process.
Note: if using the now-discontinued Nvidia mental ray renderer, avoid using. Use the File > Reference > Asset Tracking Toggle menu to replace the. PSD files (especially those containing multiple layers) used as texture bitmaps, then save new copies as. Save the scaled-down versions with new filenames, and then replace the existing textures in the scene with smaller versions as necessary. For example, 8K textures could be 4K 4K textures could be 2K, 2K textures might be 1K, etc. If possible, take large-format textures, load them into an image editor such as Photoshop, then scale them to an even percentage of the original texture size. Scale down textures unless necessary for extreme close-ups. PNG texture in the 3ds Max scene with the new one.) (Use a different filename if desired, then replace the old. PNG files from 16-bit to 8-bit, then re-save. Unless higher colour depth is required, use the Photoshop Image > Mode feature to convert. PNG file shows "Layer 1" in Adobe Photoshop, but does not appear to have any transparency channel, use the Photoshop Layers > Flatten Image option. PNG texture bitmaps that do not need transparency into flattened images. Alternatively, use the Attach Options Dialog to attach identical-material objects together. For instance, if there are 300 separate panes of glass in an architectural scene that share a single "Glass 01" material, select all objects that share the Glass 01 material, then use Command Panel > Utility tab > Collapse utility. If there are 1,000 scene objects, but only 20 unique textures applied to these objects, use the Select Objects by Material button to select these objects and collapse them objects down into one single object before rendering. (Keep the original non-collapsed objects version of the scene as a backup.) Before rendering, Collapse or Attach objects by unique Materials, then save a new version of the scene. Displacement maps will increase render times greatly. Remove Displacement maps when possible and use higher-resolution geometry, Bump or Normal Bump maps instead. Once the files have been moved, use the 3ds Max > File > References > Asset Tracking Toggle menu to re-path all those assets to the folder using network UNC paths - not using a mapped drive letter, even if the drive letter is shared to all machines on the network. To do this, go to Customize > Preferences > Files and change the Autoback default from 5 minutes to 10, or even 20-30 minutes if the file is extremely large (5 gigabytes or more.). The larger the scene file, the longer it will take to save, even on a local hard drive. If Autoback is set to save the scene file every 5 minutes, increase the Save interval. For best performance, an SSD drive provides much faster read and write times as compared to a standard hard drive. See Error occurs saving Backup files to Dropbox folder from 3ds Max. Do not use synced cloud storage drives, such as Dropbox, OneDrive, Box and others as working repositories for scene assets, or as render destinations. See Opening scene files or Material Editor in 3ds Max from a Network-Attached Storage (NAS) device is extremely slow. Try to avoid using a NAS (network-assisted storage) device. 
If working across a network, use a dedicated server hard drive or RAID. See How to assign a file path using the Universal Naming Convention (UNC) and Using UNC Paths for Network Rendering. Zipping and archiving Max scene files before downloading them from the network will minimize their size and speed up transfer times. This includes X-refs and associated bitmap textures. Where possible, copy to and work with 3ds Max files and assets on the local hard drive. 
Don't load very large files from a remote server across a network (especially using a mapped drive instead of a UNC path). Solution: To optimize 3ds Max session workflow, enhance program performance and improve scene stability, try the following:
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